clxn] b]z ;+s6u|:y 5 . Pp6f ax'k|rfl/t jfSo . æclxn]sf] b]zsf] cj:yfnfO{ oxfFn] s;/L x]g'{ePsf] 5 <Æ elg olb tkfO{n] /fhgLlts g]tf, sfo{stf, sd{rf/L, a'l4hLjL, gful/s ;dfh, ljBfyL{, lzIfs, cleefjs hf] s;}nfO{ klg ;f]Wg'eof] eg] tkfO{n] ;f/df kfpg] jfSo olx xf] . s]xLn] clns km/s9+un] eGg] u5{g æb]z ;d:o} ;d:ofn] h]lnPsf] 5 .Æ, æb]z a8f] ;+s6sf] l:yltaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] 5 .Æ cyjf æb]z qmdzM lgsfNg} g;lsg] u/L bnbndf km:b} uPsf] 5 .Æ t/ ;f/ jfSo pxL xf] æclxn] b]z ;+s6u|:y 5 .Æ of] jfSo ax'k|o'Qm zJb æk|ltudgÆ eGbf klg a9L jf To;s} xf/fxf/Ldf k|of]udf cfPsf] 5 . t/ ;j}n] b]v]sf] of] ;+s6nfO{ s;/L ;dfwfg ug]{ eGg] ljifon] ca dxTj kfpg' k5{ . zfob To;}n] xf]nf em08} Ps dlxgf k|wfgdGqL ljlxg ePsf] of] b]znfO{ /fhfn] gofF k|wfgdGqLsf] ?kdf z]/axfb'/ b]pjfnfO{ lgo'QmL u/]/ ;+s6 ;dfwfg ug]{ k|of; u/]sf 5g\ / oxfF o;} ljifodf rrf{ ug]{ hdsf]{ ul/Psf] 5 .

/fhf 1fg]Gb| ;fd' b]zdf ljBdfg ult/f]w sd ug]{ b'O{ j6f jf6fx? lyP . klxnf] hxfF af6 k|ltudg z'? ePsf] lyof] ToxL l:yltdf b]znfO{ kmsf{pg] cyf{t ;+;båf/f r'lgPsf k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjf / pgsf] dlGqd08nsf] k'gj{xfnL ug]{ . / csf]{, k|ltudg lj?4 cfGbf]ng ul//x]sf kfFr /fhg}lts bnåf/f l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] JolQmnfO{ k|wfgdGqLdf lgo'QmL ug]{ . oL b'j} pkfox? ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu ;jf]{Qd pkfo x'g;SYof] lsgeg] hglgjf{lrt k|wfgdGqLnfO{ cIfd eg]/ x6fOPkl5 k|ltudg eof] egL cfGbf]ngdf plqPsf /fhg}lts bnx?n] /fhfåf/f k'gM c;f]h !& s} l:yltdf b]znfO{ kmsf{Psf] cj:yfdf To;sf] lj/f]w ug'{sf] s'g} t's /xg] lyPg eg] csf]{tkm{ cfGbf]ng/t bnsf] tkm{af6 l;kmfl/; ul/Psf dfwjs'df/ g]kfns} gfd kl5Nnf] cjlw;Dd klg l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] eP z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] To;nfO{ ;dy{g u5'{ eg]s} lyP eg] /fk|kfn] ;d]t ;dy{g ug]{ hgfPsf] lyof] . o;/L ljul7t k|ltlglw ;efdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;j} /fhgLlts bnx?sf] Ps l9Ssf ;dy{g Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnnfO{ k|fKt x'GYof] / t'ngfTds ?kdf of] af6f] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] cem ;zQm / anLof] pkfo x'g ;SYof] .

x'gt kl5Nnf] cjlwdf cfGbf]ngn] pknAwL xfl;n ug]{ cj:yf;Dd k'Ubf g]kfnL sf+u|];df g/fd|f];+u kbnf]n'ktf / ;Qf:jfy{n] h/f] uf8]sf] k|i6} b]lvof] . ljgf s'g} sf/0f Ps aif{ cl3sf] lg0f{o k'/fgf] e};s]sf] / ;dosf] kl/jt{g;+u} gofF lg0f{o cfjZos ePsf] eGb} sf+u|]; ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] pxfFs} zJbdf ædfwjhLn] k'glj{rf/ ug'{xf]nfÆ elg sflGtk'/ b}lgsnfO{ cGtjf{tf{ lbg'eof] . /, k6s k6s kfFr kf6L{sf] ;femf pDd]bjf/sf] gfd ;fj{hlgs u/]/ hfg'kg]{ Pdfn]sf] k|:tfjnfO{ g]kfnL sf+u|];n] nTofPkl5 bf]>f] ;Defjgf t'lxP/ uPsf] lyof] eg] z]/axfb'/ b]pjf ;/sf/sf] k'gj{xfnLsf] Psdfq ljsNk /x]sf] lyof] . t/, /fhfaf6 kl5Nnf] ;dodf z]/axfb'/ b]pjfnfO{ k|wfgdGqLdf lgo'QmL -:d/0f /xf];\–k'gj{xfnL xf]Og_ u/]kl5 bf]>f] pkfo ;d]t 6/]/ uPsf] 5 / cg]sf}+ ;d:ofx?sf] bnbndf efl;Psf] b]zn] km]/L Psk6s csd0o{x?sf] anfTsf/ ;xg' k/]sf] 5 .

;Qf/f]x0f u/]otf /fhf 1fg]Gb|n] k6s k6s ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGqk|lt cfkm\gf] c8fg sfod /x]sf] lj:jf; lbnfpg] k|of; u/]klg Ps kl5 csf]{ ub}{ pgsf sbdx? eg] :j]R5frf/L / ;lqmo /fhtGqs} kIfkf]ifs ePsf] tYo s;}af6 l5k]sf] 5}g . /fhfåf/f z]/axfb'/ b]pjfnfO{ g} k|wfgdGqL lbg' lyof] eg] b/jf/af6 lbOPsf] lj1KtLdf ælgo'lQmÆ zJbsf 7fpFdf æk'gj{xfnLÆ eGg] zJbdfq} /fv]sf] eP klg To;n] 7"nf] cy{ /fVYof] / ;d:of ;dfwfgdf gofF l:yltsf] l;h{gf ug{ ;SYof] . t/ /fhfaf6 wf/f !@& cGtu{t g} ;"o{jxfb'/ yfkf jf rGb nfO{ lgo'QmL u/]em} b]pjfnfO{ lgo'Qm u/]/ cfkm\gf] :j}R5frfl/tf / lg/+s'z rl/qnfO{ pbf+uf] kf/]sf dfq} 5}gg\ ;d:of ;dfwfg sf ;Dk"0f{ af6fx?nfO{ y'Gg] sfd ;d]t u/]sf 5g\ .

oxfF pb]s nfUg] s'/fr}+ s] 5 eg] nfdf] ;dob]lv hgtfsf] xs / clwsf/sf] /Iffy{ nl8/x]sf] / cfGbf]ngsf/L bnx?dWo]s} ;a}eGbf zzQm bn g]skf -Pdfn]_n] eg] z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] lgo'QmL cfGbf]ngs} pknAwL ePsf] / s]xL xb;Dd eP klg k|ltudg ;lRrPsf] atfpFb} b]pjf ;/sf/sf] ;dy{g dfq} u/]sf] 5}g ;/sf/df ;fd]n x'g] tof/L ;d]t ul//x]sf] 5 . cfkm}+n] c;Ifd egL x6fPsf] JolQmnfO{ k'gM ;Qfdf Nofpg'kg]{ afWotf /fhfnfO{ cfGbf]ngs} sf/0faf6 ePsf] xf] / /fhf Ps sbd eP klg kl5 x6]s} xf] eGg] Pdfn]sf] 7x/ 5 . t/ Pp6f nf6f]n] ;d]t ;lhn} a'‰g] s'/f s] xf] eg] s]xL lbg cl3 dfq} æltg} ei6 / gfnfosx?nfO{ g} k|wfgdGqL lbg] xf] eg] t cfh} lbOxfNy]+ lgÆ eGg] /fhfn] crfgs k|ltudg ;RofP jf cfkm\gf sbd kl5 x6fP elg lgSof}{n lgsfNg' ;j{yf unt s'/f xf] . æcIfdÆ elg lgsflnPsf JolQmnfO{ g} k'gM k|wfgdGqL agfP/ /fhf Ps k6s e'ms]sf 5g\ eGg] ljZn]if0f ljNs"n} ;txL ljZn]if0f xf] . oxfF dxTjk"0f{ s'/f t s] xf] eg] lxhf]sf lbgdf /ftf/ft 6]lnlehgsf] kbf{df b]lvP/ cfkm}+n] lgsDdf elg ldNsfPsf] JolQmnfO{ k'gM ;Qfdf Nofpg'kbf{sf] j]OhtLnfO{ ;x]/} eP klg lslt{lglw lji6, dl/rdfg l;+x jf csf]{ s'g} axfb'/nfO{ ge} z]/axfb'/nfO{ g} k|wfgdGqL agfpg'sf] k5fl8 lgZro klg /fhfsf] b'/fu|x n's]sf] 5 / tL g} b'/fu|x k"/f ug{sf nfludfq b]pjfsf] lgo'lQm ePsf] xf] eGg] tkm{ ;f]Rg' h?/L 5 . hxfF ;Dd z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] s'/f 5 pgnfO{ t cfkm\gf] hLjgsfnd} cfkm"dfly nfu]sf] cIfdsf] sfnf]wAaf d]6fpg' lyof] To;f] x'gfn] k6s k6ssf] bz{ge]6df lgZro klg pgn] b/jf/sf tLg} b'/fu|xx?nfO{ ;3fpg] afrfx? u/] xf]nfg\ . kmn:j?k pgn] cfkm"nfO{ æcIfdÆsf] tSdf le/fO{lbg] tL g} dxfk'?ifaf6 k'gM ;Ifdtfsf] ku/L le/]sf 5g\ / s[t–s[t ePsf 5g\ .

cGToGt} cK7]/f] l:yltd} eP klg k|wfgdGqL aGg k'u]sf z]/axfb'/ b]pjf / pgsf] kf6L{ v'zL x'g'nfO{ t :jfefljs g} dfGg ;lsPnf t/ g]skf -Pdfn]_ / o;sf g]tfx?sf] v'zL eg] a'lemg;Sg'sf] 5 . cfˆgf] kf6L{nfO{ s'g} xfntdf klg ;Qfdf k'Ug glbg] j? ;"o{axfb'/ yfkf ;/sf/s} lg/Gt/tf sf+u|];nfO{ dfGo x'g] egL g]kfnL sf+u|];n] b/jf/df hfx]/ u/]sf] eGg] s'/f -====b/jf/af6} <<_ ;'Ggdf cfPkl5 qm'4 ag]sf] g]skf -Pdfn]_n] nfp8f sf08sf gfos / clVtof/n] k'hL{ sf6]sf lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] kl5 nfu]/ g6'+lug] cfGbf]ng ul//xg' eGbf b]pjf ;/sf/df ;fd]n x'g] / sf+u|]; km'6]sf] cj;/nfO{ pkof]u ub}{ r'gfjdf hfg] / ax'dt Nofpg] /0fgLlt lnPsf] b]lvG5 . t/ oxfF km]l/ klg s] a'em\g' h?/L b]lvG5 eg] lxhf] h] sf/0faf6 r'gfj x'g g;Sg] lgSof}{n ul/Psf] xf] Tof] cj:yf cfh klg sfod 5 / o;sf afjh'b klg olb r'gfj 3f]if0ff eof] eg] klg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_åf/f pDd]bjf/L lkmtf{ lng nufpg] / glnPdf pDd]bjf/ sf6\g] cleofg ;~rfng gxf]nf eGg] l:ylt 5}g . ;'/Iff lgsfon] xfdL r'gfj u/fpg ;Ifd 5f}+ eg]/ cfZj:t kfg{ vf]h] klg dfcf]jfbLsf] pDd]bjf/ sf6\g] cleofgn] lgZro klg r'gfj u/fpg lbg] 5}g eg] csf]{tkm{ b/jf/n] l6sf] nufPsf] k|wfgdGqL / To;sf] dGqLd08n;+u jftf{ ug'{ eGbf ;f]em} /fhf;+u g} jftf{ ug]{ dfcf]jfbLsf] leqL r'/f]nfO{ klg a'‰g' h?/L 5 .

o;/L em6\6 x]bf{ b]lvg] s'/fsf k5f8L nfu]/ cfGbf]ngsf/L efjgf ePsf cfkm\gf qmflGtsf/L / h'emf? sfo{stf{x?sf] efjgf ljkl/t l6s] ;/sf/df ;fd]n x'g' eGbf kbf{ k5fl8 ePsf if8\oGq / To;af6 lg:sg] efjL kl/0ffdnfO{ uf]r/ ub}{ efjL sfo{lbzf to ug'{ g} Pdfn]sf] ;]xtsf] nflu /fd|f] x'g] 5 . cfGbf]ngsf qmddf Pdfn]s} zAbdf g]kfnL sf+u|];n] lbPsf] æuDeL/ wf]sfÆ sf sf/0f p k|lt l/;fP/ k|ltudgnfO{ ;3fpg' eGbf hgclwsf/nfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{ / vf]l;Psf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf k'gM hgtfd} kmsf{pg cfGbf]ng/t /xg'g} >]o:s/ b]lvG5 .

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